The rose is a versatile plant, it provides “jam and wine”, surrounds us with beauty and a pleasant scent, which in the form of essential oil is also a valuable cosmetic. The flowers, fruits, leaves, roots and galls, and even the soil in which it grew, were used in traditional herbal medicine in rural communities. These raw materials were used to prepare infusions, decoctions, jams, juices, water and alcohol extracts, ointments and smoke, which were used to fumigate the sick person or diseased places. They were used to treat eye diseases, dermatological diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, consumption, fever, cough, ulcers, wounds, bone, tooth, head and eye pain, and even to treat madness. Most often, however, rose was used to treat erysipelas, in Polish the name of the disease and the plant was identical, according to the principle “like cures like”. The multitude of obtained “medicines” and the variety of ways of preparing and using these raw materials indicate the ability of traditional communities to observe, draw conclusions, and also cope with situations when access to medical care was very limited. These observations, often supported by long practice, can inspire us to conduct further research on the medicinal properties of this valuable plant.