ackground: Due to multiple similarities in the structure and physiology of human and
pig skin, the pig model is extremely useful for biological drug testing after subcutaneous
administration. Knowledge of the differences between subcutaneous injection sites could have
a significant impact on the absorption phase and pharmacokinetic profiles of biological drugs.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the impact of administration site on
pharmacokinetics and selected biochemical and hematological parameters after a single
subcutaneous administration of ustekinumab in pigs. Drug concentrations in blood plasma
were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pharmacokinetic analyses were
performed based on raw data using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.1 software and ThothPro v 4.1.
Methods: The study included 12 healthy, female, large white piglets. Each group received a
single dose of ustekinumab given as a 1 mg/kg subcutaneous injection into the internal part
of the inguinal fold or the external part of the inguinal fold.
Results: The differences in absorption rate between the internal and external parts of the
inguinal fold were not significant. However, the time of maximal concentration, clearance,
area under the curve calculated between zero and mean residence time and mean residence
time between groups were substantially different (p > 0.05). The relative bioavailability after
administration of ustekinumab into the external part of the inguinal fold was 40.36% lower
than after administration of ustekinumab into the internal part of the inguinal fold.
Conclusions: Healthy breeding pigs are a relevant model to study the pharmacokinetic profile
of subcutaneously administered ustekinumab.