Goji (Lycium L.) fruit has been an important element of traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. In Asian countries, they are used as an essential component of a healthy diet, a source of many nutrients. Due to their health-promoting properties and chemical composition (phenolic acids, flavonoids, pro-anthocyanidins, coumarins, tannins, carotenoids, anthocyanins), they deserved the term superfruit. In recent years, goji berries have also become very popular in Europe and America. The fruit is used primarily after drying and is available in the form of various supplements. Two species of Lycium barbarum L. and Lycium chinense Mill. are cultivated on a larger scale. These species are closely related to each other. They differ slightly in morphological features. L. chinense leaves are longer and wider than L. barbarum. L. chinense fruits are slightly smaller and more elongated. There are several less specific species and botanical varieties in natural sites in central and western China, such as L. barbarumvar. aurantiocarpum, L. chinense var. potaninii, L. ruthenicum, L. truncatum. Not only fruits contain biologically active substances, but also other parts of plants, especially leaves. This review highlights the healing properties of the fruits and leaves of these species. The most valuable and most interesting component of goji berries is the water-soluble bioactive polysaccharide complex LBP (Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides) playing an important therapeutic role. The LBP complex has a beneficial effect on the functions of the immune system, inhibits the growth of cancer cells, has antioxidant properties, improves the function of the digestive tract, well-being and sleep quality. Due to the presence of LBP, goji fruit extracts have a hypoglycemic effect, lowering the content of lipids in the blood serum. The diversity of their use as food, medicinal and cosmetic agents was shown.